An Adaptive Two-Step Hybrid Block Method with Optimized Off-Step Points for Direct Solution of Third-Order Initial Value Problems

O. C. Akeremale *

Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Lafia, Lafia, Nigeria.

C. E. Akpan

Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Lafia, Lafia, Nigeria.

J. D. Walong

Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Lafia, Lafia, Nigeria.

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.


Abstract

This paper introduces a new two-step hybrid block method for the direct numerical solution of third-order initial value problems (IVPs) without reduction to systems of first-order equations. The method is derived using collocation and interpolation techniques with a power series basis function, incorporating optimized -step points within each interval. The scheme is proven to be zero-stable, consistent, and converges at order nine, with an error constant of C10 ≈ 2.14 × 10−8, which confirms that the method is A-stable. Numerical experiments conducted on linear and nonlinear third-order IVPs demonstrate the method’s superior accuracy and computational efficiency compared to existing standard methods such as the classical Runge–Kutta fourth-order method (RK4), Adams–Bashforth–Moulton (ABM), and other hybrid block methods in the literature. The proposed method is self-starting, generates solutions simultaneously at multiple points, and is recommended for solving challenging third-order IVPs in engineering and physics.

Keywords: Hybrid block methods, third-order IVPs, off-step points, direct integration, a-stability, high-order accuracy


How to Cite

Akeremale, O. C., C. E. Akpan, and J. D. Walong. 2026. “An Adaptive Two-Step Hybrid Block Method With Optimized Off-Step Points for Direct Solution of Third-Order Initial Value Problems”. Asian Research Journal of Mathematics 22 (5):154-64. https://doi.org/10.9734/arjom/2026/v22i51094.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.